The World is Running Out of
Water.
21 of the world’s 37 biggest
sources of drinking water are on the verge of disappearing
New satellite data shows that a majority of the world’s
largest underground aquifers the predominant sources of our drinking water are
being depleted faster than they can be refilled.
From its recent study, NASA concluded that 21 of the 37
largest aquifers (underground reservoirs that store groundwater from rain and
snow) are running out too fast to be replenished.
An additional 13 are declining at a rate that puts them in a
category NASA calls the “most troubled.”
“The situation is quite critical,” Jay Famiglietti, senior water
scientist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California and principal
investigator of the University of California Irvine-led studies, told the
Washington Post.
NASA gathered its data using special satellites called
Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment satellites, which took precise
measurements of the world’s groundwater aquifers. Since the bigger, heavier
water sources exerted a stronger gravitational pull on the satellite, they
could use this data to spot the largest sources of water.
Should we have seen this
coming?
The depletion of water around the world, while alarming,
shouldn’t come as any surprise. Every Little
Drop, an organization devoted to water conservation, said that
between 1900 and 2000, worldwide water use increased six-fold, and the UN
expects the situation to get “considerably worse” by 2030.
Bank of America Merrill Lynch reports that
water scarcity is our biggest problem worldwide.
At present, droughts are happening on every single continent in
the world, save Antarctica, reports the Global Drought Information System. In
the US, drought-stricken
California is currently drawing 60% of its water from aquifers.
Why it’s likely to get worse
Two aquifers in America, including California’s Central Valley
Aquifer and one that stretches across the southeast coast of Florida,
are also being used at an unsustainable rate. According to the US Government Accountability
Office, 40 of 50 states have at least one region that is expected to
face some kind of water shortage within the next 10 years.
Underground drilling for natural resources like gold, iron, and
oil has put added stress on the aquifers, and the top-three fastest
depleting aquifers are all located in the Middle East.
This is compounded by the fact that climate change has dried out
regions of the planet along the equator and caused areas north and south to
experience heavier rainfall.
Famiglietti says this creates a self-reinforcing cycle where
people who live closer to the equator pump more water from aquifers due to
drier conditions. But, once that water is removed from the ground, it
evaporates and is redistributed as rainfall to areas farther north and south,
meaning the aquifers that are hurting for groundwater cannot get replenished.
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